This poster provides a comprehensive overview of the eight Science and Engineering Practices (SEPs) as defined by the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS). These practices are essential for developing scientifically and technologically literate students, equipping them with the skills to investigate the world around them and solve real-world problems. Understanding and applying these practices is crucial for success in STEM fields.
What are the Science and Engineering Practices?
The eight Science and Engineering Practices are not isolated skills, but rather interconnected ways of engaging with science and engineering. They are:
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Asking Questions and Defining Problems: This involves identifying a question or problem that can be investigated scientifically or solved through engineering. This stage requires critical thinking and careful consideration of existing knowledge. Examples include questioning the effectiveness of a particular design or wondering about a natural phenomenon.
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Developing and Using Models: Models are representations of phenomena or systems. They can be physical, mathematical, or computational and help scientists and engineers to understand complex systems, make predictions, and communicate ideas. Examples include building a model of the solar system or using a computer simulation to model climate change.
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Planning and Carrying Out Investigations: This involves designing and conducting experiments or studies to test hypotheses or investigate questions. Careful planning, including the selection of appropriate tools and techniques, is crucial for reliable results. Examples involve setting up controlled experiments or conducting surveys.
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Analyzing and Interpreting Data: This practice involves examining the data collected during investigations, identifying patterns, and drawing conclusions. Students learn to use statistical methods, graphs, and other tools to interpret data effectively. Examples involve creating data tables, generating graphs, and calculating averages.
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Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking: Mathematics and computation are essential tools in science and engineering. This involves using mathematical concepts and computational models to analyze data, make predictions, and solve problems. Examples include using formulas to calculate speed or using spreadsheets to analyze experimental data.
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Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions: This involves using evidence to construct explanations for scientific phenomena or design solutions for engineering problems. This practice emphasizes the importance of logical reasoning and clear communication. Examples involve creating a model of a cell based on evidence or designing a bridge that can withstand a certain load.
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Engaging in Argument from Evidence: This is a crucial aspect of science, involving the process of using evidence to support or refute claims. Students learn to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of different arguments and construct their own well-supported arguments. Examples involve debating the merits of different scientific theories based on evidence.
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Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information: This practice involves gathering information from various sources, evaluating its reliability and credibility, and communicating findings effectively to others. This includes using a variety of methods, such as reading scientific literature, conducting interviews, or presenting data graphically. Examples include researching a scientific topic using multiple sources or creating a scientific report.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How are the SEPs different from scientific methods?
While the scientific method is a structured approach to investigating a question, the SEPs are a broader set of practices that encompass the entire process of scientific inquiry and engineering design. The SEPs emphasize the iterative nature of scientific investigation and the importance of collaboration and communication.
Why are the SEPs important for students?
The SEPs equip students with critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaboration skills essential not only for STEM fields but also for success in any career path. They foster creativity, innovation, and a deeper understanding of the scientific process.
How can teachers effectively integrate the SEPs into their lessons?
Teachers can integrate the SEPs into their lessons by designing inquiry-based activities that engage students in asking questions, developing models, planning investigations, and analyzing data. They should also provide opportunities for students to construct explanations, design solutions, engage in argumentation, and communicate their findings.
What resources are available to help teachers implement the SEPs?
Many resources are available, including the NGSS website, professional development workshops, and curriculum materials aligned with the NGSS. These resources provide guidance and support for teachers in implementing the SEPs effectively.
This poster is designed to serve as a quick reference guide for understanding and implementing the Science and Engineering Practices. For a deeper dive, refer to the Next Generation Science Standards framework. Remember, these practices are interconnected and should be used in a holistic way to develop students’ scientific and engineering literacy.
