Cop30 What Did Countries Agree To At The United Nations Climate Talks

Leo Migdal

-Dec 3, 2025, 8:35 AM

cop30 what did countries agree to at the united nations climate talks

A voluntary plan to curb fossil fuels, a goal to triple adaptation finance and new efforts to “strengthen” climate targets have been launched at the COP30 climate summit in Brazil. After all-night negotiations in the Amazonian city of Belém, the Brazilian presidency released a final package termed the “global mutirão” – a name meaning “collective efforts”. It was an attempt to draw together controversial issues that had divided the fortnight of talks, including finance, trade policies and meeting the Paris Agreement’s 1.5C temperature goal. A “mechanism” to help ensure a “just transition” globally and a set of measures to track climate-adaptation efforts were also among COP30’s notable outcomes. Scores of nations that had backed plans to “transition away” from fossil fuels and “reverse deforestation” instead accepted COP30 president André Corrêa do Lago’s compromise proposal of “roadmaps” outside the formal UN regime. COP30 President André Aranha Corrêa do speaks during a plenary session of the COP30 UN Climate Change Conference in Belem, Brazil on 21 November, 2025.

Photo: PABLO PORCIUNCULA / AFP The COP30 climate summit has drawn to a close after two weeks in the Amazonian city of Belem where protests, street marches and even a fire caused unexpected moments of drama. Beneath enormous tents erected over a former airport at the edge of the rainforest, nations also adopted some decisions on how to battle climate change. Here are the main negotiated outcomes, and the voluntary commitments, made during the summit attended by nearly 200 nations: The thorniest issues were bundled into a "mutirao" pact - the summit's slogan, drawn from the Tupi-Guarani word for "collective effort." Countries have reached a new deal to tackle climate change at the annual UN meeting in Belém, Brazil.

But many countries were unhappy with the outcome, with no new measures on fossil fuels or deforestation. COP30 was the 30th annual UN climate meeting. COP stands for "Conference of the Parties". "Parties" refers to the nearly 200 countries that have signed up to the original UN climate agreement of 1992. COP30 was due to run from Monday 10 November to Friday 21 November. This November, the UN Climate Conference (COP30) convenes in Belém, Brazil, bringing together leaders from governments, businesses, and civil society to tackle the defining challenge of our era.

With global temperatures hitting record highs and extreme weather reshaping lives worldwide, the stakes couldn’t be higher. COP30 will spotlight the race to keep warming below 1.5°C, unveil new national climate plans (NDCs), and assess progress on critical finance commitments made at COP29. Join us in Belém from 10–21 November 2025 as the world charts a path toward a sustainable future. To get the latest UN News articles on the climate crisis and updates on the big stories from COP30 sent straight to your inbox, subscribe here. 📍 Follow us:Facebook: facebook.com/UN.News.CentreX: x.com/UN_News_Centre All eyes turned to Belém this weekend as divided nations scrambled to deliver a final deal at a UN climate conference battered by “roaring political headwinds”.

COP30 kicked off with high hopes for a historic outcome, if not solely due to its poignant proximity to the Amazon rainforest, a crucial regulator of the climate. It was also the first UN climate talk where a US delegate was completely absent, following Donald Trump’s controversial decision to abandon the Paris Agreement. The charismatic heft of Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva fuelled the push for an ambitious final deal. But, did any of this actually help in the end - and what has two weeks of strung-out negotiations actually achieved? Here are five key outcomes from COP30, and what they mean for the future. While transitioning away from fossil fuels wasn’t originally on COP30’s official agenda, political momentum around the issue rapidly transformed it into a flashpoint discussion during negotiations.

The UN climate summit has agreed on a deal that does not include a roadmap for the phaseout of fossil fuels. DW has more. Nearly 200 nations have agreed on a deal after the 30th annual UN climate conference was extended. The European Union had said it would not stand in the way, but denounced the lack of ambition in the draft agreement, which omits any direct mention of phasing out fossil fuels. The summit was extended into Saturday after delegates had failed to seal a deal, with fossil fuels one of the main sticking points. Follow along for the latest news, background and analysis from the COP30 climate conference in Brazil:

The Cop30 climate summit has drawn to a close after two weeks in the Amazonian city of Belem, where protests, street marches and even a fire caused unexpected moments of drama. But beneath enormous tents erected over a former airport at the edge of the rainforest, nations also adopted some decisions on how to battle climate change. Here are the main negotiated outcomes and the voluntary commitments made during the summit attended by nearly 200 nations: The thorniest issues were bundled into a “mutirao” pact – the summit’s slogan, drawn from the Tupi-Guarani word for “collective effort.” The agreement included an initiative for countries to collaborate on a voluntary basis to reduce carbon emissions and strive to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius relative to pre-industrial levels. Will the Mayfield Review create pathways to work for disabled people?

Nearly 60,000 delegates travelled to the heart of the Amazon. They came hoping that this COP would pivot from negotiation design to real-world implementation. COP30 in Belém was billed as the “COP of Truth”. It took place during a year marked by record heat, widespread climate disasters, and a growing sense of global instability. With the United States withdrawing again from the Paris Agreement and geopolitical tensions rising, expectations for the summit were layered with uncertainty. Belém saw progress on climate finance, adaptation, and the just transition.

It also exposed the widening gap between what the climate crisis demands and what governments are prepared to agree. But above all, it revealed a stark reality, after 30 COPs, the world still cannot agree on a collective plan to phase out the fossil fuels that are driving the crisis. For many, COP30 was expected to be the moment when countries finally confronted the central driver of the climate crisis. More than eighty nations agreed in Belém on a roadmap to phase out fossil fuels. The hosts had championed the idea in the run-up to the summit, and support grew quickly among Latin American states, Europe, and many vulnerable nations. Even major fossil fuel exporters such as Norway signalled openness to the discussion.

By the end of the first week, that early momentum had collided with political reality. Major oil producers and several emerging economies made clear that any reference to a fossil fuel roadmap was unacceptable. Delegations spent nights in huddles trying to find compromise language, but every formulation that hinted at a structured transition away from coal, oil and gas was rejected. As the hours passed, all mention of fossil fuels was gradually stripped from the negotiating text.

Cop30 What Did Countries Agree To At The United Nations Climate Talks

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