Pdf Interest Groups Eolss

Leo Migdal

-Dec 10, 2025, 9:56 AM

UNESCO- Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS Online) At the outset of UN and UNESCO, "Decade of Education for Sustainable Development - 2005-2014", we wish to introduce to you the Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS). The EOLSS On-line, an integrated compendium of twenty stand alone Encyclopedias in synergetic synthesis, is the result of several years of dedicated work of a global team of distinguished scholars, organized under the auspices... It is equivalent to about 600 volumes with contributions from thousands of scholars from over 100 countries and edited by over 300 subject experts. The EOLSS On-line has emerged as the largest and the most authoritative source of thematically organized current knowledge. Users will find the EOLSS On-line a convenient reference to help them in their chosen field of specialization and support their efforts in gaining a holistic understanding of many current problems through interdisciplinary subjects...

The EOLSS On-line is rapidly becoming the most sought-after reference site in the world. UNESCO-EOLSS is an Integrated Compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. (A virtual dynamic library equivalent to about 235 Themes). Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds to upgrade your browser. This chapter examines the role that interest groups play in political systems across time and space.

Many scholars define interest groups as voluntary organizations that appeal to government but do not participate in elections. In a comparative context, however, this formal definition is problematic as the form of interest representation varies across countries. An alternative suggestion is to distinguish ‘public’ and ‘private interest groups’, but the term ‘public interest’ is problematic because of its contentious nature. The chapter begins with a review of different definitions of interest groups and the problems associated with each. It then considers the legacies of competing theoretical traditions in the field, namely republicanism, pluralism, and neocorporatism. It also discusses the role of interest associations in practice, distinguishing different types of action that are available to different groups, including direct lobbying, political exchange, contentious politics, an...

This article discusses the regulation of interest groups by the state in four democracies: two liberal, namely Australia and Canada, and two nonliberal, namely Israel and Turkey. The analysis centers on five questions: the scope of regulation, its causes, public reaction to regulation, implementation of regulation, and its impact on state and society. The article suggests that the type of regime does make a difference regarding all parameters of regulation. Liberal democracies tend to regulate strategy of interest groups; regulation is caused by fear of undue associational pressure exerted on decision-makers. The public tends to be hostile to regulation; implementation is strict, but impact on both interest groups and society is modest. Nonliberal democracies tend to regulate interest groups' structure.

Regulation is caused by fear of subversion and threats to the state's survival. The public is compliant disregarding regulation. Implementation is lax and impact may be potentially substantial. These hypotheses were largely confirmed in the four cases under consideration. Interest groups constitute the core and essence of civil society. Their very presence demonstrates the right of individuals to organize for the sake of influencing public authorities.

Yet in many democratic regimes associations are subject to state regulation. The common definition of regulation refers to state constraints on private activity in order to promote the public interest (Francis 1993). The scope and nature of these constraints, in the case of interest group regulation, display entrenched norms governing the relations between state and society. In regimes where private interests are regarded with suspicion and apprehension, patterns of regulation are likely to diverge from those prevalent in regimes where the pursuit of private interests is perceived as a legitimate... The following analysis will elaborate the scope, causes, and consequences of regulation in four countries: Australia, Canada, Israel, and Turkey. The first two countries represent liberal democracies where interest group activity is acclaimed and affirmed.

The latter two represent nonliberal democracies (Bianchi 1984; Ben-Eliezer 1993), where interest group activity is tolerated but not commended. Passing reference will be made to other democracies regulating interest group activity. ABSTRACT Interest groups or pressure groups in their activity appear as strengthening element and as a major potential to cure or at least to improve the concept of democracy, due to the fact that... Was supposed that influence is not simply a characteristic function of interest groups but that strongly shapes, depending from the issue. In time was understood that interest groups are important actors in decision-making and that their direct influence lies in drafting, organizing and exchange of interests including those based to the weight and their representing... In many societies and political systems exist a big number of interest groups and having in consideration the number and their variety it is not simple to make their perfect classification but based to...

Justification of groups of the interest as important interstate actors as well as their classification which enables to be understood easily the nature of their requests and the manner in which they try to... Keywords: Interest groups, interstate actors, pressure, influence, concept of democracy Peer reviewed body of state-of-the-art archival knowledge edited by hundreds of subject experts with contributions from 8000 reputed authors from more than 100 countries EOLSS will satisfy all your needs for authenticity, quality, breadth and depth of coverage with a choice among hundreds of subject areas and their interconnections Peer reviewed body of state-of-the-art archival knowledge edited by hundreds of subject experts with contributions from 8000 reputed authors from more than 100 countries EOLSS will satisfy all your needs for authenticity, quality, breadth and depth of coverage with a choice among hundreds of subject areas and their interconnections

“EOLSS has the goal to provide a firm knowledge base for future activities to prolong the lifetime of the human race in a hospitable environment“ - Richard R. Ernst, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry

Pdf Interest Groups Eolss

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