Under Pressure The Factors Squeezing K 12 Budgets And How States And
The Factors Squeezing K-12 Budgets — and How States and Advocates Can Respond After a decade of rising K-12 revenues, the education funding outlook is shifting across the country. In recent years, increased state and federal investments — much of it through temporary COVID-19 pandemic relief aid that has now expired — enabled states to launch new programs and expand student supports. That period of growth is giving way to tighter budgets and fiscal trade-offs, even as many schools still face a long climb in the academic recovery from the pandemic and in addressing long-standing opportunity... This report examines the major factors exerting pressure on K-12 education funding, including federal retrenchment, state budget constraints, and district and school dynamics in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories (Note: for the purposes of this report, these are referred to as “states”).
It also analyzes every state’s education funding situation against six risk indicators, finding that 47 states are high risk in at least one indicator and 30 states are at high risk in at least... State leaders and advocates can use the Under Pressure data tool to view a snapshot of their state’s fiscal position and identify where pressures on education funding may be most acute. Public K-12 funding is especially vulnerable in moments of economic stress and uncertainty, since K-12 spending represents one of the largest shares of most state budgets and depends heavily on state and local tax... This report considers the biggest pressure points on state education budgets in three main categories: While there is substantial variation among states, no state is fully immune from the current pressure on education budgets. Other recent analyses have identified similar challenges playing out at the district level.15
Recent moves on both sides of the aisle show that lawmakers may not be in favor of the Trump administration’s agenda to reduce federal spending on public education. On July 31st, the bipartisan Senate Appropriations Committee voted 26-3 in favor of a bill that rejects most of Trump’s recommended $4.5 billion cuts to K-12 education and, in fact, increases funding to Title... Yet, with the budget not due to go into effect until October 1st (and the full Senate and House still needing to weigh in) there’s ample opportunity for federal cuts to go back on... And while the overall amount of money may not seem like a lot compared to total education funding, reductions, impoundments, and rescissions in federal education funding disproportionately impact some states, some schools, and some... Receive ERS’ latest research, analyses, district stories, and interactive tools. As we look ahead to two more months of discussion and debate, we analyzed three significant factors that affect how keenly each state experiences disruptions or reductions in federal funding:
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Overall, we found that 47 states are high risk in at least one indicator, and 30 states are at high risk in at least two indicators. Check out the report to learn more about your state's K-12 funding risk profile: https://lnkd.in/eN7eH7cQ David Blanchard, superintendent of the Schoharie schools in rural upstate New York, has been hard at work with his team preparing two versions of his district’s operating budget for next school year. One assumes the 800-student district will get the same amount from the state in the coming year as it did this year. The other incorporates Gov. Kathy Hochul’s proposed cuts and tweaks to state school funding, including an adjusted calculation of the inflation rate and the loss of pandemic-era protections meant to ensure schools don’t see steep, year-over-year funding drops.
The latter plan would result in the district, which is spending $27 million on operating expenses this year, having a $386,000 budget deficit. “It is seriously concerning how we will continue to operate if the governor’s proposal goes through,” Blanchard said. He’s already begun talks with other districts over sharing programs or even consolidating with another nearby district. But those arrangements take time to craft, and cost savings could take even longer, if they arrive at all. The new financial reality, however, may materialize in just a few months. “There is opportunity here for sure.
It’s just the timing, the planning, the effort that it takes isn’t going to happen in one budget cycle,” he said. This is one in a series of five articles examining key debates that will unfold in the nation’s statehouses in the year ahead. Debates about how to approach public school funding are reaching a boiling point nationwide. Although the pressures have been building for years, the $190 billion in Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief (ESSER) Program funding from the federal government and the wave of state tax revenue have masked... Now in 2025, most of the federal aid tied to the COVID-19 pandemic has expired and many school districts are dealing with budget deficits. And—following a slowdown in tax revenue—states are tightening their belts.
Meanwhile, enrollment rates, part of the calculation of district funding, are stagnant and still below pre-pandemic levels, even as demand for additional education spending grows and interest in alternatives such as school voucher programs... These competing forces are expected to start coming to a head in this year’s legislative sessions, and policymakers are revisiting their states’ school funding formulas and considering other courses of action. Declining enrollment, rising staffing and administrative costs, and increasing numbers of students with additional educational needs are increasing pressure on traditional state funding formulas. States are trying to offset the impact of reduced federal support, but their success is uncertain, according to a recent Moody’s Ratings report. School districts with strong budget management and the ability to raise revenue, in addition to state funding access, will be able to better weather the financial storm exacerbated by recent federal changes in education... A significant increase in state aid could stave off effects from shrinking federal support under the Trump administration.
However, any states' plans to bolster school funding may be scrapped to adapt to other federal policy changes such as reduced Medicaid or disaster recovery funding. School districts in most states have an average ability to increase revenue. Districts in Arizona, Kansas, Michigan, New Mexico, Nevada and Oklahoma have more limited revenue-raising flexibility than other states, the report said. Districts have faced financial turmoil in the past few months, as the Trump administration continues to change course on federal funding that was expected to be available for districts. Alex Cortez, Christine Wade, and Kateland Beals Linea Harding, Indira Dammu, and Bonnie O’Keefe
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The Factors Squeezing K-12 Budgets — And How States And
The Factors Squeezing K-12 Budgets — and How States and Advocates Can Respond After a decade of rising K-12 revenues, the education funding outlook is shifting across the country. In recent years, increased state and federal investments — much of it through temporary COVID-19 pandemic relief aid that has now expired — enabled states to launch new programs and expand student supports. That period o...
It Also Analyzes Every State’s Education Funding Situation Against Six
It also analyzes every state’s education funding situation against six risk indicators, finding that 47 states are high risk in at least one indicator and 30 states are at high risk in at least... State leaders and advocates can use the Under Pressure data tool to view a snapshot of their state’s fiscal position and identify where pressures on education funding may be most acute. Public K-12 fundi...
Recent Moves On Both Sides Of The Aisle Show That
Recent moves on both sides of the aisle show that lawmakers may not be in favor of the Trump administration’s agenda to reduce federal spending on public education. On July 31st, the bipartisan Senate Appropriations Committee voted 26-3 in favor of a bill that rejects most of Trump’s recommended $4.5 billion cuts to K-12 education and, in fact, increases funding to Title... Yet, with the budget no...
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