Managing The Three Cs Of Academic Literature Authorship Contributions

Leo Migdal

-Dec 5, 2025, 7:56 PM

managing the three cs of academic literature authorship contributions

CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) was introduced with the intention of recognizing individual author contributions, reducing authorship disputes and facilitating collaboration. The idea came about following a 2012 collaborative workshop led by Harvard University and the Wellcome Trust, with input from researchers, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) and publishers, including Elsevier, represented... CRediT offers authors the opportunity to share an accurate and detailed description of their diverse contributions to the published work. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that the descriptions are accurate and agreed by all authors The role(s) of all authors should be listed, using the relevant above categories Authors may have contributed in multiple roles

Authorship provides credit for an individual’s contributions to a study and carries accountability. There are no universally accepted standards for assigning authorship, and principles, customs and practices differ significantly from one discipline to another. Responsibility for decisions regarding the authorship of publications lies with those who carried out the work reported in the publication. Researchers should be aware of the authorship practices within their own disciplines and should always abide by any requirements stipulated by journals as part of their instructions to authors. Where no journal or discipline-specific norms apply, authorship criteria should be agreed by all investigators at an early stage of the research. Where possible, it is advisable to keep written records of decisions regarding authorship and these should be revisited where roles and contributions change over the lifecycle of the study.

Normally, an author is an individual judged to have made a substantial intellectual or practical contribution to a publication and who agrees to be accountable for that contribution. This would normally include anyone who has: made a significant contribution to the conception or design of the project or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND/OR How do you decide who gets credit as an author in your article and who receives an acknowledgement in your paper? There are guidelines available to help you decide. Before starting a new project, decide amongst the team who will receive credit as an author and in what order, to avoid conflict later.

Prior to submitting your manuscript for publication, or as the project changes, confirm this list and the order of authors. Teaching for Transformation has an Online Supplement about Ethical Research Collaboration that "will introduce the authorship guidelines used by most leading health journals [and] explore their limitations and how factors such as culture, power,... International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly work in Medical Journals (ICMJE Recommendations) [Internet]. ICMJE; 2018 [cited 2019 Feb 21]. University Health Network, Research Authorship (Policy 40.60.001).

Toronto; 2022. Baerlocher MO, Newton M, Gautam T, et al.The Meaning of Author Order in Medical Research. Journal of Investigative Medicine 2007;55:174-180. Journals mandating CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) will enable authors to provide information on submission, allowing for detailed information about individual contributions to the work. If not provided on submission, this information can be provided at subsequent revision stages, facilitated by the Editorial Office. The submitting author is responsible for ensuring that contributions of all authors are correct.

It is expected that all authors will have reviewed, discussed and agreed to their individual contributions as shared by the submitting author. The authors’ contribution statement will be published with the final article and should accurately reflect contributions to the work. For consistency, it is important to capture the roles played by a single author on a single-authored paper in the same way as for multi-author papers. This facilitates the readers’ understanding of an author’s expertise and can also be helpful should any questions arise regarding authorship after publication. Please note that a single author does not have to fulfil all the CRediT roles, only those which are relevant. Ideas; formulation or evolution of overarching research goals and aims.

Management activities to annotate (produce metadata), scrub data and maintain research data (including software code, where it is necessary for interpreting the data itself) for initial use and later reuse. Application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other formal techniques to analyze or synthesize study data. Received 2023 Apr 2; Accepted 2023 Apr 13; Collection date 2023 Jun. Authorship in scientific manuscripts indicates intellectual contribution of individuals to a research project and authors play a key role in the research and dissemination of results of a research project. It is important for authors to follow guidelines on authorship and submission of manuscripts and to agree on the order of authorship before beginning the project. Criteria for authorship, roles and responsibilities of authors, author metrics and misconduct of authors and their consequences are discussed in this editorial.

Properly assigning authorship ensures transparency, accountability, and fairness in the scientific community. Keywords: Authorship, Editorial, Contributorship, Role and responsibility of the author The dictionary definition of an author is a writer of a book, article or document. Writing for general public magazines is different from writing for scientific journals. The former is not peer reviewed while the latter is reviewed by peers. As science is governed by a set of rules, so is the writing for scientific journals.

While there is scope for imagination and abstract writing in scientific manuscripts too, these are generally limited to within the confines of the governing rules. These rules help to produce high quality, peer reviewed manuscripts which can be searchable within each subject, speciality, and sections of the document for the purpose of researching, citing and comparing with other studies. For the purpose of publication in scientific journals, ICMJE recommendation 2019 [1] gave the definition of authorship which should satisfy all the following four conditions. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND The purpose of this guidance is to facilitate increased transparency in the determination of authorship to ensure that collegial and ethical interactions are professionally initiated, maintained, documented, and resolved. The School of Public Health recommends the use of the McNutt, et al.

criteria which have arisen from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (McNutt, et al., 2018). These criteria allow for authorship parameters that are more inclusive than other established models and are conducive to the collaborative environment of public health research. According to the criteria, individuals should be considered authors if they meet the following criteria of a, b, and c: a. Each author is expected to have made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; or the creation of new software used in the... b.

to have approved the submitted version (and any substantially modified version that involves the author's contribution to the study);

Managing The Three Cs Of Academic Literature Authorship Contributions

People Also Search

CRediT (Contributor Roles Taxonomy) Was Introduced With The Intention Of

Authorship Provides Credit For An Individual’s Contributions To A Study

Normally, An Author Is An Individual Judged To Have Made

Prior To Submitting Your Manuscript For Publication, Or As The

Toronto; 2022. Baerlocher MO, Newton M, Gautam T, Et Al.The